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 　　工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)酒瓶的實(shi)際測試(shi)和工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)技術

　　由于工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶實(shi)際(ji)測(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)困難以及(ji)獲得信息的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)限性，大(da)多數情況(kuang)(kuang)下，實(shi)際(ji)測(ce)量(liang)數據(ju)還不足以用來診(zhen)斷(duan)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶熔(rong)窯(yao)熔(rong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)況(kuang)(kuang)，不足以用來確診(zhen)問題所在(zai)并為熔(rong)窯(yao)改(gai)造提供(gong)依(yi)據(ju)。工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶在(zai)使用中具有(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)形式和(he)原理(li)(li)，保(bao)證能(neng)夠在(zai)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產和(he)制(zhi)作(zuo)中產生(sheng)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)和(he)價值。除了對正在(zai)運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)窯(yao)進行診(zhen)斷(duan)分析，有(you)(you)時還要(yao)對新(xin)窯(yao)型(xing)以及(ji)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶技術改(gai)造新(xin)方案進行論證，物理(li)(li)模擬和(he)數值模擬方法(fa)將(jiang)是另外兩個十(shi)分有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)。工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)測(ce)量(liang)和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)技術需要(yao)按照(zhao)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式和(he)原理(li)(li)進行生(sheng)產和(he)制(zhi)作(zuo)，按照(zhao)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式進行制(zhi)作(zuo)，保(bao)證在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)趨勢。

　　物(wu)理(li)(li)模(mo)擬(ni)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)是再現工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)熔窯中玻璃(li)(li)(li)液(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)況的(de)(de)有(you)效方(fang)法(fa)(fa)之一。在(zai)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體力(li)學領(ling)域大量使用模(mo)型(xing)實驗來(lai)研究工(gong)(gong)(gong)程問題。物(wu)理(li)(li)模(mo)擬(ni)以流(liu)(liu)(liu)體力(li)學的(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)似(si)定(ding)(ding)律為(wei)指導，建立對應熔窯工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)的(de)(de)模(mo)擬(ni)液(ye)運動(dong)模(mo)型(xing)，在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)似(si)的(de)(de)邊(bian)界條件作(zuo)用下，可(ke)以觀(guan)察(cha)、測量和拍攝模(mo)擬(ni)的(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)形態(tai)和溫度分布(bu)，通(tong)過改變方(fang)案，研究模(mo)擬(ni)的(de)(de)玻璃(li)(li)(li)液(ye)變化規律，幫助診斷窯型(xing)變化以及(ji)其它工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝參數(shu)變化引起的(de)(de)玻璃(li)(li)(li)液(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)形態(tai)變化，確定(ding)(ding)相(xiang)(xiang)應流(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)形態(tai)對玻璃(li)(li)(li)液(ye)熔制工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)影響。例如研究飛(fei)(fei)(fei)機飛(fei)(fei)(fei)行中的(de)(de)浮力(li)和阻(zu)力(li)等動(dong)力(li)學數(shu)據，不可(ke)能在(zai)天空上直接測量，只能采用相(xiang)(xiang)對運動(dong)原(yuan)理(li)(li)，通(tong)過模(mo)型(xing)試驗測試飛(fei)(fei)(fei)行中空氣(qi)動(dong)力(li)學數(shu)據并(bing)進(jin)行改進(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo);研究水(shui)利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中大壩和水(shui)與泥沙(sha)的(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)互作(zuo)用，模(mo)型(xing)試驗也(ye)是非(fei)常有(you)力(li)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具。熔窯中玻璃(li)(li)(li)液(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)運動(dong)規律也(ye)可(ke)以通(tong)過模(mo)擬(ni)試驗的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)來(lai)進(jin)行研究。

　　2006年(nian)工(gong)藝(yi)酒瓶(ping)熔(rong)(rong)窯模(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)為昆明玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)集團提供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)熔(rong)(rong)窯夾雜物產生原因的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)診斷(duan)性(xing)(xing)研究(jiu)服務，該問題(ti)困擾廠家(jia)一年(nian)半的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間，通過(guo)模(mo)(mo)擬試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)研究(jiu)診斷(duan)出(chu)了(le)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵所在(zai)(zai)，在(zai)(zai)診斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)，廠家(jia)制訂了(le)合理(li)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)方案(an)，使熔(rong)(rong)制工(gong)藝(yi)障礙迅速好(hao)轉。除了(le)對(dui)大(da)型(xing)熔(rong)(rong)窯內玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)液流場和溫度(du)(du)(du)場進行(xing)(xing)物理(li)模(mo)(mo)擬之外，對(dui)全電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)(rong)窯進行(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場分布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物理(li)模(mo)(mo)擬也是十分有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，依(yi)據物理(li)模(mo)(mo)擬可以獲得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)布(bu)(bu)置、供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式、供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數(shu)(shu)，玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)液對(dui)流狀態以及(ji)溫度(du)(du)(du)分布(bu)(bu)等等多種信息(xi)，用(yong)于指導全電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)(rong)窯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計和解(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)熔(rong)(rong)制障礙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依(yi)據。這種比例模(mo)(mo)型(xing)預(yu)演了(le)全電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)(rong)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)窯地運行(xing)(xing)工(gong)況(kuang)，在(zai)(zai)直(zhi)觀(guan)、感性(xing)(xing)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器參數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)上(shang)(shang)，比全電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)(rong)數(shu)(shu)值模(mo)(mo)擬更(geng)加優越。在(zai)(zai)長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)行(xing)(xing)業提供(gong)(gong)(gong)技術服務基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)，同(tong)濟大(da)學(xue)材料學(xue)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)酒瓶(ping)模(mo)(mo)擬實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)形成了(le)自(zi)己特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)釋玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)熔(rong)(rong)制工(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程理(li)論假設(she)(she)，這些基(ji)于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)和實(shi)(shi)踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論假設(she)(she)為大(da)型(xing)熔(rong)(rong)窯中工(gong)藝(yi)酒瓶(ping)熔(rong)(rong)制工(gong)藝(yi)問題(ti)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)了(le)很(hen)(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析基(ji)礎(chu)。經過(guo)實(shi)(shi)踐檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，依(yi)據部(bu)分理(li)論假設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)制工(gong)藝(yi)特(te)性(xing)(xing)預(yu)報與實(shi)(shi)際工(gong)況(kuang)有(you)很(hen)(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符合度(du)(du)(du)。